原文始发于微信公众号（药时代）：喜讯！诺和诺德口服索马鲁肽药片获得FDA批准！全球糖尿病患者的福音！

喜讯！诺和诺德口服索马鲁肽药片获得FDA批准！全球糖尿病患者的福音！

美国当地时间2019年9月20日，美国FDA批准了诺和诺德公司开发的口服索马鲁肽（semaglutide，商品名：Rybelsus）片剂，与饮食和运动相结合，改善成年2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制。Rybelsus是第一款在美国获准的无需注射即可使用的胰高血糖素样肽受体蛋白（GLP-1）治疗药物。GLP-1药物是针对2型糖尿病患者的非胰岛素治疗药物。

2型糖尿病是最常见的糖尿病形式，发生在胰腺无法产生足够的胰岛素以将血糖保持在正常水平之时。GLP-1是一种正常的人体激素，通常在2型糖尿病患者中水平不足。与GLP-1一样，Rybelsus减慢消化速度，防止肝脏产生过多的糖分，并在需要时帮助胰腺产生更多的胰岛素。

FDA CDER代谢和内分泌产品部门代理主任Lisa Yanoff博士表示：“患者希望尽可能减少对其生活带来干扰的有效的糖尿病治疗选择方案，FDA欢迎新的治疗方案的开发，这种选择可以使患者更容易控制病情。在该药物获得批准之前，患者没有治疗2型糖尿病的口服GLP1药物，现在患者将拥有无需注射即可治疗2型糖尿病的新选择。”

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祝福全球2型糖尿病患者朋友们！

了解详情，请阅读FDA官宣！

喜讯！诺和诺德口服索马鲁肽药片获得FDA批准！全球糖尿病患者的福音！

FDA approves first oral GLP-1 treatment for type 2 diabetes

For Immediate Release: September 20, 2019

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Rybelsus (semaglutide) oral tablets to improve control of blood sugar in adult patients with type 2 diabetes, along with diet and exercise. Rybelsus is the first glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) receptor protein treatment approved for use in the United States that does not need to be injected. GLP-1 drugs are non-insulin treatments for people with type 2 diabetes.

“Patients want effective treatment options for diabetes that are as minimally intrusive on their lives as possible, and the FDA welcomes the advancement of new therapeutic options that can make it easier for patients to control their condition,” said Lisa Yanoff, M.D, acting director of the Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “Before this approval, patients did not have an oral GLP1 option to treat their type 2 diabetes, and now patients will have a new option for treating type 2 diabetes without injections.”

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, occurring when the pancreas cannot make enough insulin to keep blood sugar at normal levels. GLP-1, which is a normal body hormone, is often found in insufficient levels in type 2 diabetes patients. Like GLP-1, Rybelsus slows digestion, prevents the liver from making too much sugar, and helps the pancreas produce more insulin when needed.

The efficacy and safety of Rybelsus in reducing blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes were studied in several clinical trials, two of which were placebo-controlled and several of which were compared to other GLP-1 injection treatments. Rybelsus was studied as a stand-alone therapy and in combination with other diabetes treatments, including metformin, sulfonylureas (insulin secretagogues), sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, insulins and thiazolidinediones, all in patients with type 2 diabetes.

In the placebo-controlled studies, Rybelsus as a stand-alone therapy resulted in a significant reduction in blood sugar (hemoglobin A1c) compared with placebo, as determined through HbA1c tests, which measure average levels of blood sugar over time. After 26 weeks, 69% of those taking 7 mg once daily and 77% of those taking 14 mg once daily of Rybelsus decreased their HbA1c to lower than 7%, compared with 31% of patients on placebo.

The prescribing information for Rybelsus includes a boxed warning to advise health care professionals and patients about the potential increased risk of thyroid c-cell tumors, and that Rybelsus is not recommended as the first choice of medicine for treating diabetes. Patients who have ever had medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or who have a family member who has ever had MTC are advised not to use Rybelsus. Additionally, patients who have ever had an endocrine system condition called multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2) are advised not to use Rybelsus. Rybelsus is not for use in patients with type 1 diabetes and people with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Rybelsus also has warnings about pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), diabetic retinopathy (damage to the eye’s retina), hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), acute kidney injury and hypersensitivity reactions. It is not known whether Rybelsus can be used by patients who have had pancreatitis. The risk of hypoglycemia increased when Rybelsus was used in combination with sulfonylureas or insulin.

Rybelsus should be taken at least 30 minutes before the first food, beverage or other oral medication of the day, with no more than 4 ounces of plain water. Rybelsus slows digestion, so patients should discuss other medications they are taking with their health care provider before starting Rybelsus. The most common side effects are nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, decreased appetite, indigestion and constipation.

The approval of Rybelsus was granted to Novo Nordisk.

The FDA, an agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, protects the public health by assuring the safety, effectiveness, and security of human and veterinary drugs, vaccines and other biological products for human use, and medical devices. The agency also is responsible for the safety and security of our nation’s food supply, cosmetics, dietary supplements, products that give off electronic radiation, and for regulating tobacco products.

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喜讯！诺和诺德口服索马鲁肽药片获得FDA批准！全球糖尿病患者的福音！