1969年,英国爱丁堡大学动物系的 D. J. Cosens 和 Aubrey Manning 在黑腹果蝇上利用甲基磺酸乙酯(Ethylmethane sulfonate,EMS)作为诱变剂,通过人工诱变的方式筛选到一个突变体,该品系存在异常的趋光性和视网膜电位,持续光刺激仅引起短暂的视网膜负电位,而不是常见持续的、平台样变化,并且在第二次光照刺激来临时不能产生有效的反应 [1]。
紧随其后得到全长解析的是TRPV1通道。2013年,David Julius 教授与和他同一机构的华人科学家程亦凡教授合作,在《自然》杂志连续发表了两篇文章,解析了全长TRPV1关闭态和开放态的结构,此为首个以冷冻电镜方法获得近3Å超高分辨率的膜蛋白结构,大大促进了对TRP通道分子结构的认识,并开创了一个以冷冻电镜为主要手段研究蛋白结构及蛋白与蛋白间相互作用的新时代,也侧面促进了冷冻电镜技术获得2017年诺贝尔化学奖。
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